Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed je jedna z oblasti, ve kter\u00e9 se osoby na autistick\u00e9m spektru nejv\u00edce li\u0161\u00ed od jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na sv\u00fdch vrstevn\u00edk\u016f, nejv\u00edce pak v pubert\u011b a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V \u010dem se to projevuje?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
1. Vtipy k osob\u011b a jej\u00ed komunikaci
   Lid\u00e9 na spektru maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00fdznamn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161enou citlivost, a to i v soci\u00e1ln\u00ed oblasti, a c\u00edt\u00ed v\u0161e v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edmo. Proto je velk\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee vtipy m\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 k nim nebo v\u016f\u010di skupin\u011b, j\u00ed\u017e jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nebo sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jsou jejich kamar\u00e1di a hrdinov\u00e9 (osoby v jejich nadstandardn\u00ed \u00fact\u011b a z\u00e1jmu), budou dost t\u011b\u017ece n\u00e9st (jako bezohlednost, ur\u00e1\u017eku, \u00fatok, znev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed, \u010din\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011bcenn\u00fdmi apod.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
2. Konfrontace
   Pro velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed na spektru je velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a\u017e nezvladateln\u00e1 konfrontace v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neshod, nesouhlas\u016f, \u010di konflikt\u016f. Je to zejm\u00e9na z d\u016fvodu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed citlivosti, pot\u0159eby dostatku \u010dasu si urovnat okolnosti, nezvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vodn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek (jejich mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vadnost a dan\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha stran u\u017e z principu zp\u016fsobuje nadm\u011brnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e z nich, pop\u0159. jejich nezvladatelnost). Velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam zde maj\u00ed strach (z p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho sm\u00edchu a nabyt\u00ed argument\u016f protistrany i z chybn\u00fdch \u010di nepravdiv\u00fdch odpov\u011bd\u00ed vlastn\u00edch), n\u00e1tlak (i nevysloven\u00fd) a p\u0159evaha protistrany.
   Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 tak je, pokud z ur\u010dit\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 nebo p\u0159ijateln\u00e9 se konfrontaci vyhnout, zajistit dostatek soukrom\u00ed, nastavit vhodn\u00fd odstup (ne moc mal\u00fd, aby nebyl naru\u0161en pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed, ne moc velk\u00fd, aby informace proudily jen mezi vz\u00e1jemn\u011b komunikuj\u00edc\u00edmi), a zvolit dal\u0161\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky (ide\u00e1ln\u011b si sednout, by\u0165 na bobek, nebo se pomalu proch\u00e1zet).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
3. \u0160ikana\n
   \n
   • \u010c\u00e1st osob na spektru nen\u00ed schopna (bu\u010f vlivem omezen\u00fdch vjem\u016f, nebo vlivem soci\u00e1ln\u00ed naivity) zaznamenat p\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u011b-patologick\u00fdch jev\u016f, zejm\u00e9na \u0161ikany, na sv\u00e9m okol\u00ed \u010di i na sob\u011b samotn\u00fdch. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech jim m\u016f\u017ee \u0161ikana p\u0159ipadat jako divn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale soci\u00e1ln\u00ed podstatu nevyc\u00edt\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st osoby na spetru \u0161ikanu zaznamenaj\u00ed v\u010das. Je t\u0159eba db\u00e1t na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee vzhledem k odli\u0161n\u00e9mu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed jsou v\u016f\u010di n\u00ed mnohem n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, jsou mnohem snaz\u0161\u00edmi ter\u010di.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Dal\u0161\u00ed nemal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st osob na spektru za \u0161ikanu pova\u017euje i znaky odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1dlen\u00ed, kde okol\u00ed mnohdy ani nem\u00e1 mo\u017enost vyc\u00edtit, jak to osoba na spektru nese, nebo to p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm nech\u00e1pe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Jin\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st osob na spektru znaky, kter\u00e9 nejsou m\u00ed\u0159eny nijak v\u016f\u010di n\u00ed (to jest ani \u0161k\u00e1dlen\u00ed) pova\u017euje za \u0161ikanu (zejm\u00e9na t\u00e9mata, kter\u00e1 pro danou osobu na spektru jsou tabu, a\u0165 u\u017e z jak\u00fdchkoliv d\u016fvod\u016f).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • \u0160k\u00e1dlen\u00ed
     \u0160k\u00e1dlen\u00ed je pro mnoh\u00e9 osoby na spektru \u010dasto nesnesiteln\u00e9, \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1 vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako \u0161ikana. Oproti tomu dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st osob na spektru vn\u00edm\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1dlen\u00ed tak, jak je my\u0161leno, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed naopak i znaky \u0161ikany berou za znak \u0161k\u00e1dlen\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Up\u0159\u00edmnost
     Up\u0159\u00edmnost \u010di neup\u0159\u00edmnost (pop\u0159. le\u017e) osoby na spektru v\u011bt\u0161inou dost snadno vyc\u00edt\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou mnohem d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina spole\u010dnosti. Ov\u0161em soci\u00e1ln\u00ed naivita a d\u016fraz na spole\u010densk\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky zde \u010dasto omez\u00ed vyu\u017eitelnost t\u00e9to vlastnosti, a naopak zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed ned\u016fv\u011bru ve vlastn\u00ed pocity, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st i k postupn\u00fdm depres\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Provokace
     Mnoh\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed osob na spektru p\u016fsob\u00ed provokativn\u011b, ale p\u0159itom je my\u0161leno jako snaha doj\u00edt k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu (co\u017e \u010dasto m\u016f\u017ee fakticky v\u00e9st), \u010dast\u00e1 protiargumentace “selsk\u00fdm rozumem” v\u016f\u010di jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1zor\u016fm apod. \u010dasto vede k v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm dopad\u016fm (deprese, agresivita apod.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • N\u00e1tlak, nucen\u00ed
     N\u00e1tlak a nucen\u00ed, nemo\u017enost se svobodn\u011b rozhodnout, je \u010dasto pro osoby na spektru naprosto nepochopiteln\u00e1. Mnohdy vlivem jejich vyn\u00e1lezcovsk\u00e9ho \u010di v\u011bd\u011bdeck\u00e9ho uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, jindy vlivem soci\u00e1ln\u00ed naivity \u010di otev\u0159enosti, pot\u0159eb\u011b rozmanitosti. Mnoh\u00e9 berou ka\u017ed\u00fd jednozna\u010dn\u011b podan\u00fd pokyn (pokyn, kter\u00fd neobsahuje v\u00fdslovn\u011b podanou svobodnou volbu) za n\u00e1tlak \u010di nucen\u00ed. Je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed se ve\u0161ker\u00fdm prvk\u016fm n\u00e1tlaku vyhnout, a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nemo\u017enosti volby u\u010dinit n\u00e1hradn\u00ed \u010dinnost. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b je tato problematika pops\u00e1na v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch 5. \/ V3 D\u016fraz na postup a v\u00fdsledek<\/a> a 6. \/ V4 \u2013 Vliv \u00faloh, \u00fakol\u016f a povinnost\u00ed<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Rovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u0159adou
     Rovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u0159adou je jedn\u00edm s nejhor\u0161\u00edch jev\u016f, se kter\u00fdmi se osoby na spektru \u010dasto setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed. A\u010dkoliv mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 na spektru jev\u00ed z\u00e1jem se alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b podobat b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, zapadat do n\u00ed, pr\u00e1v\u011b srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jich s \u0159adou \u010di vnucov\u00e1n\u00ed jim b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159ady je t\u00edm, co je nejv\u00edce demotivuje, a\u017e jim vzbuzuje odpor. A tlak k n\u011b\u010demu, k \u010demu\u017e maj\u00ed odpor (a\u0165 u\u017e doprov\u00e1zen\u00fd \u0159vem \u010di v\u00fdhru\u017ekami, nebo imitovanou sympati\u00ed) vede ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed psychick\u00e9ho stavu osob, a naopak je\u0161t\u011b zesiluje ten odpor.
     Krom toho, v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b v\u011bc\u00ed, kde se osoby na spektru obvykle odli\u0161uj\u00ed, t\u00edm ni\u010demu ne\u0161kod\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Statistick\u00e1 vzd\u011blatelnost
     Velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st osob na autistick\u00e9m spektru, ne-li v\u0161echny, jsou jen obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b “statisticky” vzd\u011blavateln\u00e9. To jest, \u017ee po\u010det pokus\u016f u nich hraje jen velmi malou, mnohdy a\u017e zanedbatelnou roli v tom, jak moc se danou v\u011bc nau\u010d\u00ed nebo zda ji pochop\u00ed. Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i nepochopen\u00ed pak hlub\u0161\u00ed \u010di v\u00edce n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bty typu “prost\u011b proto” jim problematice porozum\u011bt nijak nepomohou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Vd\u011bk, radost
     Tyto pocity osoby na spektru vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u010dasto (rozhodn\u011b ne v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f) v\u00fdrazn\u011b odli\u0161n\u011b, ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost i ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina jejich vrstevn\u00edk\u016f. Jde tak\u00e9 o pocity, kter\u00e9 je pro osoby na spektru \u010dasto n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159it pro druhou stranu srozumiteln\u011b, a\u0165 u\u017e slovn\u011b, \u010di pomoc\u00ed mimiky \/ gestiky (projevy, vypadaj\u00edc\u00ed jako zna\u010dn\u011b hyperaktivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di nevychovanost mohou b\u00fdt pr\u00e1v\u011b projevy radosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
   • Hanba, ostych
     Jedn\u00e1 se o pocity, kter\u00e9 c\u00edt\u00ed osoby na spektru asi nejodli\u0161n\u011bji. Mnoh\u00e9 osoby na spektru tyto pocity nec\u00edt\u00ed v\u016fbec, n\u011bkter\u00e9 je c\u00edt\u00ed, ale nedok\u00e1\u017eou nijak vyj\u00e1d\u0159it (nato\u017epak, jsou-li tyto pocity aktu\u00e1ln\u00edmi).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
     <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

     Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed je jedna z oblasti, ve kter\u00e9 se osoby na autistick\u00e9m spektru nejv\u00edce li\u0161\u00ed od jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na sv\u00fdch vrstevn\u00edk\u016f, nejv\u00edce pak v pubert\u011b a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V \u010dem se to projevuje?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":null,"zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"zakra_menu_active_style","zakra_page_header":true,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[49,51],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"qi_addons_for_elementor_image_size_square":false,"qi_addons_for_elementor_image_size_landscape":false,"qi_addons_for_elementor_image_size_portrait":false,"qi_addons_for_elementor_image_size_huge-square":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"MatyasP - Maty\u00e1\u0161 Pilz","author_link":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/author\/matys-pilz\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edt\u011bn\u00ed je jedna z oblasti, ve kter\u00e9 se osoby na autistick\u00e9m spektru nejv\u00edce li\u0161\u00ed od jin\u00fdch lid\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na sv\u00fdch vrstevn\u00edk\u016f, nejv\u00edce pak v pubert\u011b a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V \u010dem se to projevuje?","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=241"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":252,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241\/revisions\/252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/na-spektru.matyasp.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}